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// Copyright 2007, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
#include "url_canon.h"
#include "url_canon_internal.h"
// Query canonicalization in IE
// ----------------------------
// IE is very permissive for query parameters specified in links on the page
// (in contrast to links that it constructs itself based on form data). It does
// not unescape any character. It does not reject any escape sequence (be they
// invalid like "%2y" or freaky like %00).
//
// IE only escapes spaces and nothing else. Embedded NULLs, tabs (0x09),
// LF (0x0a), and CR (0x0d) are removed (this probably happens at an earlier
// layer since they are removed from all portions of the URL). All other
// characters are passed unmodified. Invalid UTF-16 sequences are preserved as
// well, with each character in the input being converted to UTF-8. It is the
// server's job to make sense of this invalid query.
//
// Invalid multibyte sequences (for example, invalid UTF-8 on a UTF-8 page)
// are converted to the invalid character and sent as unescaped UTF-8 (0xef,
// 0xbf, 0xbd). This may not be canonicalization, the parser may generate these
// strings before the URL handler ever sees them.
//
// Our query canonicalization
// --------------------------
// We escape all non-ASCII characters and control characters, like Firefox.
// This is more conformant to the URL spec, and there do not seem to be many
// problems relating to Firefox's behavior.
//
// Like IE, we will never unescape (although the application may want to try
// unescaping to present the user with a more understandable URL). We will
// replace all invalid sequences (including invalid UTF-16 sequences, which IE
// doesn't) with the "invalid character," and we will escape it.
namespace url_canon {
namespace {
// Returns true if the characters starting at |begin| and going until |end|
// (non-inclusive) are all representable in 7-bits.
template<typename CHAR, typename UCHAR>
bool IsAllASCII(const CHAR* spec, const url_parse::Component& query) {
int end = query.end();
for (int i = query.begin; i < end; i++) {
if (static_cast<UCHAR>(spec[i]) >= 0x80)
return false;
}
return true;
}
// Appends the given string to the output, escaping characters that do not
// match the given |type| in SharedCharTypes. This version will accept 8 or 16
// bit characters, but assumes that they have only 7-bit values. It also assumes
// that all UTF-8 values are correct, so doesn't bother checking
template<typename CHAR>
void AppendRaw8BitQueryString(const CHAR* source, int length,
CanonOutput* output) {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
if (!IsQueryChar(static_cast<unsigned char>(source[i])))
AppendEscapedChar(static_cast<unsigned char>(source[i]), output);
else // Doesn't need escaping.
output->push_back(static_cast<char>(source[i]));
}
}
// Runs the converter on the given UTF-8 input. Since the converter expects
// UTF-16, we have to convert first. The converter must be non-NULL.
void RunConverter(const char* spec,
const url_parse::Component& query,
CharsetConverter* converter,
CanonOutput* output) {
// This function will replace any misencoded values with the invalid
// character. This is what we want so we don't have to check for error.
RawCanonOutputW<1024> utf16;
ConvertUTF8ToUTF16(&spec[query.begin], query.len, &utf16);
converter->ConvertFromUTF16(utf16.data(), utf16.length(), output);
}
// Runs the converter with the given UTF-16 input. We don't have to do
// anything, but this overriddden function allows us to use the same code
// for both UTF-8 and UTF-16 input.
void RunConverter(const char16* spec,
const url_parse::Component& query,
CharsetConverter* converter,
CanonOutput* output) {
converter->ConvertFromUTF16(&spec[query.begin], query.len, output);
}
template<typename CHAR, typename UCHAR>
void DoConvertToQueryEncoding(const CHAR* spec,
const url_parse::Component& query,
CharsetConverter* converter,
CanonOutput* output) {
if (IsAllASCII<CHAR, UCHAR>(spec, query)) {
// Easy: the input can just appended with no character set conversions.
AppendRaw8BitQueryString(&spec[query.begin], query.len, output);
} else {
// Harder: convert to the proper encoding first.
if (converter) {
// Run the converter to get an 8-bit string, then append it, escaping
// necessary values.
RawCanonOutput<1024> eight_bit;
RunConverter(spec, query, converter, &eight_bit);
AppendRaw8BitQueryString(eight_bit.data(), eight_bit.length(), output);
} else {
// No converter, do our own UTF-8 conversion.
AppendStringOfType(&spec[query.begin], query.len, CHAR_QUERY, output);
}
}
}
template<typename CHAR, typename UCHAR>
void DoCanonicalizeQuery(const CHAR* spec,
const url_parse::Component& query,
CharsetConverter* converter,
CanonOutput* output,
url_parse::Component* out_query) {
if (query.len < 0) {
*out_query = url_parse::Component();
return;
}
output->push_back('?');
out_query->begin = output->length();
DoConvertToQueryEncoding<CHAR, UCHAR>(spec, query, converter, output);
out_query->len = output->length() - out_query->begin;
}
} // namespace
void CanonicalizeQuery(const char* spec,
const url_parse::Component& query,
CharsetConverter* converter,
CanonOutput* output,
url_parse::Component* out_query) {
DoCanonicalizeQuery<char, unsigned char>(spec, query, converter,
output, out_query);
}
void CanonicalizeQuery(const char16* spec,
const url_parse::Component& query,
CharsetConverter* converter,
CanonOutput* output,
url_parse::Component* out_query) {
DoCanonicalizeQuery<char16, char16>(spec, query, converter,
output, out_query);
}
void ConvertUTF16ToQueryEncoding(const char16* input,
const url_parse::Component& query,
CharsetConverter* converter,
CanonOutput* output) {
DoConvertToQueryEncoding<char16, char16>(input, query,
converter, output);
}
} // namespace url_canon
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