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#[1]eLinux.org (en) [2]eLinux.org Atom feed
Kernel Size Reduction Work
From eLinux.org
Jump to: [3]navigation, [4]search
This page has a list of of recent (as of 2014) ideas and projects for
Linux kernel size reduction.
As of June, 2014, [5]Linux Tiny was no longer maintained. However, new
efforts to support Linux as a viable option on micro-controllers and
deeply embedded systems have led to renewed interest in extreme size
reduction of the kernel. Some good projects were described at ELC 2014.
Contents
* [6]1 Recent work
* [7]2 List of recently used techniques
+ [8]2.1 Vitaly Wool's project
+ [9]2.2 micro-yocto project
o [10]2.2.1 instrumentation
+ [11]2.3 auto-reduce
+ [12]2.4 Kernel string refactorization
* [13]3 Ideas for new reductions
* [14]4 People or groups interested in size reductions
+ [15]4.1 individuals
+ [16]4.2 companies
* [17]5 Meetings and Discussions
+ [18]5.1 Kernel Summit 2014
+ [19]5.2 Size/IOT summit at ELC Europe 2014
Recent work
* Tom Zanussi and the Micro-yocto project (2014)
+ Micro-Yocto is an effort in the Yocto Project to produce a
minimal kernel for very small embedded systems
+ [20]microYocto and the Internet of Tiny (PDF) - Presentation
by Tom Zanussi at ELC 2014
+ See
[21]https://github.com/tzanussi/meta-galileo/raw/daisy/meta-ga
lileo/README for more information
* Vitaly Wool described running 2.6.33 on an ST microcontroler with
2MB flash and 256K ram (2014)
+ [22]Linux for Microcontrollers: Spreading the Disease (PDF) -
presented at ELC in April 2014
List of recently used techniques
Vitaly Wool's project
* kernel XIP
* dietnet
* ARM thumb mode
* application XIP on squashfs
micro-yocto project
* net-diet
* LTO
* SYSFS_SYSCALL
* USELIB
* BUG_ON
* X86_IOPORT
* CONFIG_PTRACE
* CONFIG_SIGNALS
* no sys_sendfile
* network reductions:
+ replace kernel stack with user-space stack (LWIP)
+ TCP/UDP echo (requires app changes)
instrumentation
microYocto tracing hash triggers
auto-reduce
* LTO
* syscall filtering
* command line filtering
* global constraints
* kernel stack size
Kernel string refactorization
* refactor strings in the kernel so that they are more efficiently
used
* here is a [23]report on this work getting started
Ideas for new reductions
* trace-guided optimization
* cold code compression
+ use U of Gent code to re-try cold code compression
People or groups interested in size reductions
individuals
* Josh Triplett - e-mail:josh at joshtriplett dot org
+ new linux tiny patches
* Tom Zanussi - e-mail: tom dot zanussi at linux dot intel dot com
+ microYocto
* Andi Kleen - e-mail: ak at linux dot intel dot com
+ netdiet patches
* Alan Cox - email: alan dot cox at linux dot intel dot com
* Shinsuke Kato - e-mail: kato dot shinsuke at jp dot panasonic dot
com
* Tim Bird - e-mail: tim dot bird at sonymobile dot com
+ auto-reduce stuff
* Vitaly Wool - e-mail: vitaly dot wool at softprise dot net
+ extreme microcontroller Linux (<256K RAM)
* Phil Blundell - e-mail:
+ meta-micro (OE-based small distro - last work in 2012)
companies
* [24]Emcraft Systems sells a variety of microcontroller-based boards
and products
Meetings and Discussions
Kernel Summit 2014
Josh Triplett has proposed a session discussing size issues at the 2014
Kernel Summit. His draft list of proposed topics was the following:
Topics:
* An overview of why the kernel's size still matters today ("but
don't we all have tons of memory and storage?")
* Tiny in RAM versus tiny on storage.
* How much the kernel has grown over time.
* How size regressions happen and how to avoid them
* Size measurement, bloat-o-meter, allnoconfig, and other tools
* Compression and the decompression stub
* Kconfig, and avoiding excessive configurability in the pursuit of
tiny
* Optimizing a kernel for its exact target userspace.
* Examples of shrinking the kernel
* Discussion on proposed ways to make the kernel tiny, how much they
might save, how much work they'd require, and how to implement them
with minimal impact to the un-shrunken common case.
(see
[25]http://lists.linuxfoundation.org/pipermail/ksummit-discuss/2014-May
/000001.html for the discussion thread)
Size/IOT summit at ELC Europe 2014
We are considering holding a Size/IOT meeting at ELC Europe. Details
will be placed here should this meeting end up being organized.
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